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Git- Distributed Version Control System part-1

Posted on by Karishma
Version Control System

Git- Distributed Version Control System Part-1

What is a Version Control System (VCS)?

A Version Control System (VCS) is a software tool that helps developers track and manage changes to code or files over time. It keeps a history of every change, so you can:

  • Collaborate with others

  • Revert to previous versions

  • Compare changes between versions

  • Track who made what change and when

 Two Main Types of VCS:

Type   Description
Local VCS   Stores versions on the developer’s local system (e.g., RCS)
Centralized VCS                One central server for all version history (e.g., SVN, CVS)
Distributed VCS   Every user has a copy of the full history (e.g., Git, Mercurial)

 Popular Version Control System Tools:

  • Git (most widely used)

  • GitHub / GitLab / Bitbucket (cloud-based Git repositories)

  • SVN (Subversion)

  • Mercurial

 Example Scenario:

Suppose you are building a website. You:

  • Add a new feature → commit the change.

  • Break something → revert to an earlier version.

  • Collaborate with a team → track each contributor’s changes.

 Benefits of Using VCS:

  • Prevents code loss

  • Enables team collaboration

  • Maintains a clean history

  • Supports branching and merging

  • Essential for DevOps, CI/CD, and Agile development

What is Git?

Git is a free and open-source distributed version control system that helps you track changes in your code, collaborate with others, and manage projects efficiently.

Role Of Git In DevOps – Emulation Software Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

 Step-by-Step: Git Installation (Windows)

How to Use Git- A Beginner Step-by-Step Guide

Step 1: Download Git

  • Go to the official Git website:
    👉 https://git-scm.com/downloads

  • Click on “Download for Windows”
    It will automatically download the .exe file.

 Step 2: Run the Installer

  • Double-click the downloaded .exe file to launch the Git Setup Wizard.

  • Click Next through the default options unless you want custom settings.

Key setup options you can leave as default:

  • Select components: ✅ Git Bash, ✅ Git GUI

  • Editor: Use Notepad++ or default Vim

  • PATH environment: Choose “Git from the command line”

  • HTTPS transport backend: ✅ Use OpenSSL

  • Line endings: Choose “Checkout Windows-style, commit Unix-style line endings”

Then click Install.

 Step 3: Finish Installation

  • Once the installation is complete, click Finish.

  • Git is now installed!

Step 4: Verify Installation

Open Command Prompt or Git Bash and type:

bash
git --version

 You should see output like:

nginx
git version 2.43.0.windows.1

Git Installation on Linux (Ubuntu/Debian)

Open Terminal and run:

bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install git
git --version

Git Installation on macOS

Use Homebrew:

bash
brew install git
git --version

Optional: Configure Git (Important!)

After installation, run these commands to set your name and email:

bash
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "you@example.com"

Create a Git-hub account

What is GitHub?

GitHub is a platform where developers store, manage, and share code. It uses Git (a version control system) and allows collaboration on coding projects from anywhere.

How to Create a GitHub Account

Go to GitHub Website

Click on “Sign Up”

  • On the top-right corner, click the Sign Up button.

Enter Your Details

You’ll be asked to fill out a form:

  • Username: Choose a unique username (e.g., karishmadev01)

  • Email address: Use a valid email you can access

  • Password: Create a strong password (at least 8 characters)

Make sure to use a professional username if you’re using it for jobs or projects.

Verify Your Account

  • GitHub may ask you to solve a puzzle (to confirm you’re human)

  • Then, verify your email by clicking the link sent to your inbox.

Choose Plan

  • Select the Free Plan (it’s more than enough for learning and projects)

  • Click Continue.

Set Up Your Preferences (Optional)

  • GitHub might ask a few questions like your experience level or what you’ll use GitHub for.
    You can skip or answer based on your interest.

Welcome to GitHub Dashboard!

You’ll now land on your GitHub dashboard, where you can:

  • Create Repositories (projects)

  • Fork and clone others’ code

  • Manage and share your code

Next Step: Create Your First Repository

Once your account is ready, click:
👉 + (top-right) → New repository
Give it a name and click Create repository.

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